Method of spraying liquid materials



Oct. 8, 1935. H WENTZEL METHOD OF SPRAYING LIQUID MATERIALS Filed April 24, 1933 INVENTOR. fiwnm/m %/v7zz ATTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 8, 1935 PATENT OFFICE 2,616,407 METHOD or sraarmo. LIQUID MATERIALS I Hermann Wentzel, Berlin, Germany, assignor to Sauerstofi-Central fur Medizinische Zweke, Dr. Ernst Silten, a firm of Germany A pplication April 24, 1933, Serial No. 667,566 In Germany June 22, 1932 4 Claims. (Cl. 299-) This invention relates to the atomization of liquids, for various purposes.

More particularly it relates to a method of and an apparatus for spraying or bringing of fusible or liquid materials on surfaces, for-example, on the human body and in body openings.

In order to bring molten, wax-like materials, such as paraffin, on the human body for therapeutic or cosmetic use, there had been proposed an apparatus in which the material was fused and then sprayed either under the pressure of compressed gas, usually compressed air, or by a stream of gas or air by means of a nozzle. This type of apparatus was costly and complicated due to the necessity for providing compressors, fans, pressure cylinders and the like, and by reason thereof it was unhandy and difllcult to handle.

The present invention is intended and adapted to obviate the disadvantages of the prior art and it is among the objects thereof to provide an apparatus which is simple, cheap and easy to handle. 1

In one aspect, the invention comprises a method and an apparatus in which the liquid material may be sprayed without the use of streams of gases under pressure. If solid or liquid paraffin or similar fusible substancesare used, there is mixed therewith readily volatile substances or such substances as will, under the conditions of operation, generate gases or vapors. The mixture is placed in the apparatus and heated under such conditions as to melt the paraflin and produce gases or vapors, which exert sufficient pressure on the liquid paraflln to cause spraying or atomization thereof upon the opening of ,a suitable valve in the apparatus.

In a variation of the invention the solid or liquid material is placed in the apparatus which is provided with an additional chamber containing a .substance or mixture of substances capable of generating gases or vapors upon being heated. Such gases or vapors may be generated by the vaporization of the substances, by a chemical reaction between theingredients, or in any other manner. These gases and vapors exert the pressure necessary for causing spraying of the liquid material. A single heating means may be used to fuse the paraflin and to generate the gases.

The invention is applicable for other uses as, for example, for the atomization of liquids for dental purposes or for the generation of gases for medicinal, therapeutic and hygienic purposes.

In practicing the invention, paraflln may be mixed with low boiling substances such as pentane, hexane, chloroform, carbon tetrochloride and the like at a low temperature, or said substances may be placed in a separate chamber communicating with the paraflin chamber. Upon heating of the paraflin to the temperature at which it is to be sprayed, the paraffin melts and the substances are vaporized, generating the necessary pressure in the apparatus. In place of vaporizable substances there may be used substances which at elevated temperatures liberate gases, such as sodium bicarbonate which evolves 10 carbon dioxide. Mixtures of sodium bicarbonate with solid organic acids or inorganic acids or organic salts, such as bisulphites, bisulphates, acid tartrates, or solutions of salts which generate gases, such as a concentrated solution of sodium 15 nitrite and ammonium chloride which evolves nitrogen, may be used. There may be used formed bodies, such as briquets of substances which under the influence of heat decompose and evolve gases. These and other methods, well- 20 known to those skilled in the art may be used to provide the necessary gas pressure in the apparatus.

In the accompanying drawing constituting a part hereof, the single figure is a vertical cross- 25 sectional view of one form of apparatus adapted forthe practice of this invention.

There is provided a container l of any suitable material having a filling opening 2 closed by cap 3. A cover 4 having a sealing washer 5-is adapt-ed 30 to be held in place by bolts 6. A thermometer 1, pressure gauge 8 and pressure relief valve 9 are held in cover 4. At the lower portion of container I is a tube lllhaving a valve H therein and terminating in nozzle 12. 35

Within container l is a tube I3, the lower end it of which is closed and the upper end is provided with an opening l5 communicating with the vapor space of container l. A depending skirt IS on cover 2 serves to'hold tube IS in place. 40 A container ll fitting into tube 13 has a handle l8 whereby it may be inserted into and removed from tube l3, and a cap l9 closes the opening in cover 2. Circular electric heating element 20 surrounds tube l3 and serves to heat the 0011- M tainers I and I3, and lead-in wires II and 22 serve as a means for connecting said element to a suitable source of electrical energy.

The following are a number of examples of the practice of this invention:

Example 1 desired temperature for spraying.

to raise the temperature of the paraflln above 77 C., which vaporizes the carbon tetrachloride, the vapors rising to the upper part oi the vessel above the liquid level 2! and exerting pressure on the liquid. The valve II is opened and by reason of the pressure, paramn is sprayed out through nozzle l2.

Example 2 The gas and vapor rise to the top or the inner cylinder II and out through opening l5 into the space in container I above the liquid level 23. The desired pressure oi several atmospheres may be built up in this manner and the safety valve I prevents too high a pressure from forming. Upon opening the valve II, the paratlin is caused to flow through nozzle l2 and be atomized.

Example 3 Liquid paramn and it may be omitted.

Although the invention has been described setting forth several examples oi the operation thereof, and describing a single form of apparatus, these examples are to be considered as setting forth a few of the many possible variations apparent to those skilled in the art.

the heating element or the inner container 11 as iron powder, is,

may be omitted as explained above. The form of the apparatus may be varied to suit the conterial to pass out of the container under the pressure so generated substantially free from said 'aeriform fluid.

2. A method of spraying which comprises providing a container, placing therein a sprayable placing therein a diflerent substance capable of generating aeriform fluid when subjected to heat, sealing said container, heating said container sufliciently to generate aeriform fluid by chemical reaction of said diilerent substances, iusing said material and causing said material to pass out of the container under the pressure so generated substantially free from said aeriform fluid.

3. A method of spraying which comprises providing a container, placing therein a sprayable fusible material, placing therein a diflerent substance capable of generating aerii'orm fluid when subjected to heat, sealing said container, heating said container sufllciently to generate aeriiorm fluid by combustion oi said different substance. fusing said material and causing said material to pass out of the container under the pressure so generated substantially free from said aeriform fluid.

4. A method of spraying which comprises providing a container, placing therein a sprayable fusible material, placing therein a difl'erent subcapable of generating aerilorm fluid when subjected to heat, sealing said container, heating said container sufllciently to generate aeriiorm fluid by vaporization of said different substance, fusing said material and causing said material to pass out of the container under the pressure so generated substantially free irom said aeritorm fluid HERMANN WEN'IZEL. 

